| Warps are the parallel
strings stretched from loom beam to loom beam upon which rows of
knots are tied. Most weavers use cotton for warp material if it is
available because it is easier to weave a flat, straight rug on
cotton warps than on wool warps (wool yarn is more elastic than
cotton string, and is more affected by changes in humidity).
Weavers who are semi-nomadic pastoralists (i.e. not farmers) are
much more likely to use wool than cotton for warp and weft.
Wefts run across the width
of the rug, over and under the warp strings and between rows of
knots. Most often wefts are made of cotton, wool, or silk . Wefts
help hold rows of knots in place and strengthen the structure of
the rug.
Knots are tied by looping
yarn around pairs of warps and cutting off the standing end. The
ends of the "knot" become the pile or nap of the rug.
Edge bindings are made by
wrapping several warps at the edge of the rug with yarn to
reinforce this part of the rug.
End finishes hold knots and
wefts from working off the rug's warp strings. Many rug types have
a flat-woven kilim selvedge at both ends.
Fringes are formed by
gathering and knotting together bundles of warp strings at both
ends of the rug after the rug has been cut from the loom. The
knots in these bundles of warp strings keep pile knots and end
finishes tight at the rug's ends.
Design parts
The field is the background
of the rug inside the borders.
The main border is the
widest decorative design around the outside of the rug; guard
borders are the narrow decorative designs flanking the main
border.
The medallion is the round,
oval, or polygonal design element that sometimes occupies the
center of the field.
Corner brackets or spandrels
are designs which sometimes fill the corners of the field.
Carpet Sizes
In the Manifacture of cerpets some
words express certain sizes. Tehese were first used in Kayseri and
then spread all over Anatolia. Although these expressions are also
used in other regions, the dimensions given here may differ from
10 to 20 cm.
| Yastik |
60 X 90 cm. |
| Ceyrek |
90 X 135 cm. |
| Kisa Yolluk |
70 X 200 cm. |
| Seccade |
120 X 180 cm. |
| Saf |
110 X 230 cm. |
| Karyola |
150 X 230 cm. |
| Kelle |
300 X 200 cm. |
| Taban |
6 m2 and over. |
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